Trisiloxane is an organosiloxane that is trisiloxane in which all the hydrogens have been replaced by methyl groups.
Trisiloxane, also known as dimethicone, is an organosilicon compound that is widely used as a siloxane based elastomer.
Trisiloxane is a hydrophobic material with attractive physical and chemical properties such as elasticity, optical transparency, tunable surface chemistry, and low electrical conductivity.
CAS Number: 107-51-7
Molecular Formula: C8H24O2Si3
Molecular Weight: 236.53
EINECS Number: 203-497-4
Synonyms: OCTAMETHYLTRISILOXANE, 107-51-7, Trisiloxane, octamethyl-, 1,1,1,3,3,5,5,5-Octamethyltrisiloxane, dimethyl-bis(trimethylsilyloxy)silane, Dimeticone, Dimethicone 350, Pentamethyl(trimethylsilyloxy)disiloxane, Dimethylbis(trimethylsiloxy)silane, 9G1ZW13R0G, CHEBI:9147, DTXSID9040710, Dimethicones, Trisiloxane, 1,1,1,3,3,5,5,5-octamethyl-, MFCD00084411, MFCD00148360, CCRIS 3198, EINECS 203-497-4, dimeticonum, UNII-9G1ZW13R0G, Dimeticona, FRD 20, Ctamethyltrisiloxane, MFCD00008264, Pentamethyl(trimethylsiloxy)disiloxane, octamethyl-trisiloxane, dimethicone macromolecule, VOLASIL DM-1, EC 203-497-4, Octamethyltrisiloxane, 98%, OS 20 (SILOXANE), SCHEMBL23459, TRISILOXANE, OCTAMETHYL, Dow Corning High-Vacuum Grease, CHEMBL2142985, DTXCID7020710, CHEBI:31498, CXQXSVUQTKDNFP-UHFFFAOYSA-, KF 96A1, OCTAMETHYLTRISILOXANE [MI], dimethylbis(trimethylsiloxy)siliane, Dimethylbis(trimethylsilyloxy)silane, [(CH3)3SiO]2Si(CH3)2, Tox21_301002, CO9816, MFCD00134211, MFCD00165850, Silane, dimethylbis(trimethylsiloxy)-, AKOS015840180, FS-4459, NCGC00164100-01, NCGC00164100-02, NCGC00254904-01, CAS-107-51-7, DB-040764, NS00041459, O0257, O9816, C07261, D91850, S12475, SBI-0654020.0001, A801717, J-001906, Q2013799, BRD-K73201113-001-01-3, 2,2,4,4,6,6-hexamethyl-3,5-dioxa-2,4,6-trisilaheptane, InChI=1/C8H24O2Si3/c1-11(2,3)9-13(7,8)10-12(4,5)6/h1-8H3, 28349-86-2, METHYLPOLYSILOXANE;DIMETHYLBIS(TRIMETHYLSILYLOXY)SILANE;POLY(DIMETHYLSILOXANE), HYDROXY TERMINATED;POLY(DIMETHYLSILOXANE), 200(R) FLUID;OCTAMETHYLTRISILOXANE;[(CH3)3SiO]2Si(CH3)2;1,1,1,3,3,5,5,5-Octamethyltrisiloxane;CO9816
Trisiloxane is a class of chemical compounds that belong to the broader family of siloxanes.
Trisiloxane are silicon-oxygen compounds with organic groups attached to the silicon atoms.
Trisiloxane specifically refers to compounds containing three silicon atoms, which are bonded to oxygen atoms in a specific arrangement.
Trisiloxane is typically used in various formulations due to its unique chemical structure, which imparts properties like water resistance, spreadability, and a smooth texture.
The general chemical structure of Trisiloxane consists of a silicon-oxygen backbone, with organic groups (such as methyl groups) attached to the silicon atoms.
Trisiloxane can be represented as Si-O-Si-O-Si, where "Si" represents silicon, and "O" represents oxygen. The organic groups (such as methyl groups, represented as -CH₃) are attached to some of the silicon atoms.
Trisiloxane compounds can appear in many variations depending on the size of the organic groups attached to the silicon atoms.
Examples include octamethyltrisiloxane (often referred to as dimethicone), which has methyl groups attached to the silicon atoms, and decamethyltrisiloxane.
Trisiloxane are widely used in various industrial, cosmetic, and personal care formulations. Below are some of the key uses:
Trisiloxane, particularly octamethyltrisiloxane, are commonly used in moisturizers, sunscreens, and serums due to their ability to form a protective barrier on the skin, reducing water loss and enhancing smooth application.
Trisiloxane are added to hair care products such as conditioners, shampoos, and hair serums to help smooth the hair, reduce frizz, and provide a non-greasy shine.
They also help improve the spreadability of these products.
In cosmetics like foundations, primers, and lipsticks, trisiloxanes are used to provide a silky finish and enhance spreadability.
They contribute to the longevity of the makeup and offer a more matte or satin finish.
Trisiloxanes are often included in emulsions and surfactant systems for their ability to stabilize the mixture and improve the wetting and spreading properties.
They can help improve the performance of cleaners and industrial formulations.
Due to their water-repellent properties, trisiloxanes are used in the treatment of fabrics, paper, and other materials to improve water resistance and durability.
Trisiloxanes are sometimes found in pharmaceutical formulations as excipients, contributing to the smoothness and texture of topical products like creams, ointments, and gels.
In spray formulations, trisiloxanes improve the spreadability of the spray and enhance the adhesion to surfaces, making them useful in products like deodorants, antiperspirants, and hair styling sprays.
Trisiloxanes can lock in moisture, helping to hydrate the skin and hair.
They enhance the feel of products, making them easy to apply and giving a silky, smooth finish.
Trisiloxanes provide water-repellent properties, which help products remain effective even in wet conditions.
Despite their smooth texture, trisiloxanes are typically lightweight and non-greasy, making them suitable for use in products that need to leave a dry or matte finish.
Trisiloxanes, like many siloxane compounds, are generally considered to have a low toxicity profile and are widely regarded as safe for use in personal care products.
However, as with any chemical compound, the potential for irritation or an allergic reaction exists, particularly in sensitive individuals.
Trisiloxane is essential to follow recommended concentrations and usage guidelines provided by regulatory authorities.
Trisiloxanes, especially those with larger organic groups like octamethyltrisiloxane, are increasingly popular due to their distinct chemical properties that provide both functional and aesthetic benefits in a wide array of applications
Melting point: -82 °C (lit.)
Boiling point: 153 °C (lit.)
Density: 0.82 g/mL at 25 °C (lit.)
vapor density: >1 (vs air)
vapor pressure: 5.3hPa at 25℃
refractive index: n20/D 1.384(lit.)
Flash point: 99 °F
storage temp.: Inert atmosphere,Room Temperature
solubility: Chloroform (Slightly), DMSO, Methanol (Slightly)
form: liquid
Specific Gravity: 0.82
color: Colourless to Pale Yellow
Viscosity: 0.842mm2/s
Water Solubility: 34μg/L at 23℃
Hydrolytic Sensitivity 1: no significant reaction with aqueous systems
Merck: 14,6748
BRN: 1753063
Dielectric constant: 2.3（20℃）
Stability: Hygroscopic
LogP: 6.6 at 25.3℃
Trisiloxane compounds have a backbone of silicon-oxygen bonds with organic groups (often methyl groups, represented as -CH₃) attached to the silicon atoms.
The typical structure looks like this: Si-O-Si-O-Si, with each "Si" representing a silicon atom and each "O" representing an oxygen atom.
This structure is highly stable, and it imparts several desirable characteristics to trisiloxanes.
The silicon-oxygen backbone, coupled with the organic groups, makes trisiloxanes highly hydrophobic (water-repellent), which is a key factor in their effectiveness as moisture barriers.
This feature helps the compound spread evenly across surfaces, making it ideal for use in cosmetic formulations where smooth application is important.
Trisiloxane is the most well-known and widely used form, used for its ability to provide a smooth, silky feel and for its role in reducing frizz and providing shine in hair care products.
Decamethyltrisiloxane and dodecamethyltrisiloxane are also used in similar applications, particularly when a lighter feel or specific properties like low volatility are desired.
Trisiloxanes are widely used in the formulation of skincare, haircare, and makeup products, due to their smooth, non-greasy texture and the ability to provide long-lasting hydration and shine.
They are used in conditioners to provide a silky feel, and in shampoos, they help improve the smoothness of the hair, reducing tangling and promoting shine.
Additionally, they offer anti-static benefits by reducing frizz and flyaways.
Trisiloxanes are utilized in makeup foundations and BB creams to enhance blendability, control oil, and create a matte finish without clogging pores.
The water-repellent properties of trisiloxanes make them an excellent choice for waterproof sunscreens and skin treatments designed for prolonged use in aquatic environments or high-humidity conditions.
They provide a smooth application, help in forming protective barriers on the skin, and can contribute to a silky feel.
Trisiloxanes are sometimes found in topical pharmaceutical products, such as creams, ointments, and lotions.
Their role here is often to stabilize the formulation, ensure even distribution, and enhance hydration.
They may also be used in transdermal patches or drug delivery systems for their ability to form smooth, stable layers on the skin.
Trisiloxanes, particularly octamethyltrisiloxane, are used in lubricants for machinery due to their low friction and anti-wear properties.
They reduce friction between moving parts and help prevent corrosion, ensuring machinery runs smoothly.
Due to their low surface tension, trisiloxanes are also used in anti-foaming agents in industrial processes, such as the manufacturing of paints, coatings, and detergents.
They prevent excessive foaming and improve process efficiency.
Trisiloxanes are used in waterproofing treatments for materials like textiles, paper, and wood.
These compounds create hydrophobic layers, preventing water from penetrating and ensuring materials stay dry.
Their ability to form a smooth layer and reduce friction makes them useful in polishes for metal, glass, and plastic surfaces.
They leave behind a protective finish that helps prevent tarnishing and minimizes future dust buildup.
Some forms of trisiloxanes are used in the food industry, particularly as anti-foaming agents in food processing.
They are also found in products like cosmetic-grade food coatings to improve spreadability and appearance.
Trisiloxanes are generally considered low in toxicity when used according to guidelines in consumer products.
However, there are certain concerns regarding their biodegradability and environmental impact.
Some studies suggest that silicone compounds, including trisiloxanes, can accumulate in aquatic ecosystems due to their hydrophobic nature and persistence.
Consequently, manufacturers are exploring more environmentally friendly alternatives or ways to minimize their environmental footprint.
In many countries, including the United States and the European Union, trisiloxanes are regulated in cosmetics and personal care products.
Regulatory bodies like the FDA and Cosmetic Ingredient Review (CIR) evaluate the safety of these compounds, ensuring their use in consumer products remains within safe limits.
Trisiloxanes provide waterproofing and water-repellent properties, which are particularly useful in sunscreens, hair care, and skin care.
They help formulations spread easily, ensuring an even and smooth application without leaving a greasy or sticky residue.
Trisiloxanes can improve the stability of products, making them more long-lasting, especially in cosmetics that need to stay in place for extended periods.
These compounds offer a lightweight feel in creams, lotions, and hair products, making them suitable for people who prefer non-greasy textures.
Uses Of Trisiloxane:
Trisiloxane is a linear silicone oligomer.
Trisiloxane is used as an excipient Dimethicones in pharmaceutical and cosmetic applications can provide long lasting lubricant, smooth feel and spreads easily.
Studies demonstrate that it is able to maintain the conformational stability of certain adsorbed proteins such as bovine serum albumin (BSA). Used in the methylation of mercury(II) salts.
As a basis for silicone oils or fluids designed to withstand extremes of temp; as a foam suppressant in petroleum lubricating oil.
Trisiloxanes, particularly octamethyltrisiloxane (dimethicone), are commonly used in shampoos, conditioners, and hair treatments.
They help to smooth and condition the hair, reduce frizz, enhance shine, and provide a non-greasy feel.
They also act as antistatic agents to reduce flyaways.
In moisturizers and lotions, trisiloxanes form a protective barrier on the skin, locking in moisture and preventing water loss.
They give the skin a silky, smooth finish without making it greasy.
Due to their water-repellent properties, trisiloxanes are used in sunscreen formulations to provide long-lasting protection against water and sweat.
They ensure a smooth, even application and help protect the skin from the drying effects of the sun.
In foundations, BB creams, primers, and other makeup products, trisiloxanes help with spreadability and ensure smooth application.
They contribute to a matte or satin finish and improve the longevity of makeup.
Trisiloxanes are used in lubricants for machinery and equipment due to their low friction and anti-wear properties.
They provide smoother operation and help prevent corrosion and wear on moving parts.
Trisiloxanes are added to polishes for metals, plastics, and glass to provide a smooth, glossy finish and prevent tarnishing or scratching.
Trisiloxanes are used in waterproofing treatments for materials like textiles, paper, and wood.
They form a hydrophobic layer that prevents water from penetrating, keeping the materials dry.
Trisiloxanes help in reducing foam in industrial processes like paint manufacturing, detergent production, and water treatment.
Their ability to lower surface tension makes them effective in controlling foam.
Trisiloxanes are incorporated into paints and coatings to enhance spreadability and improve the durability of the finish, especially in outdoor or high-humidity conditions.
Trisiloxanes are used in topical drug formulations to improve the texture, stability, and smoothness of creams, lotions, and ointments.
They help with the controlled release of active ingredients and form a barrier that locks in moisture.
Some transdermal patches use trisiloxanes to improve the adhesion of the patch to the skin and ensure controlled drug release.
Trisiloxanes are used in the food industry as anti-foaming agents to prevent excessive foam formation during the production of food and beverages, such as in the manufacture of juices, baking products, and brewing.
Trisiloxanes are used as surfactants in agricultural formulations like pesticides, herbicides, and fungicides.
They help the active ingredients spread more evenly on plant surfaces, improving their effectiveness and absorption.
Trisiloxanes are used in textile treatments to make fabrics water-resistant.
They are often found in outdoor gear, raincoats, and sportswear, providing long-lasting protection against rain and moisture.
In addition to water repellency, trisiloxanes are sometimes used to impart stain-resistant properties to fabrics, preventing dirt, oil, and other substances from adhering to the material.
Trisiloxanes are used in hairsprays, gels, and serums to help maintain hold, add shine, and reduce frizz without weighing the hair down.
They provide a non-greasy, smooth texture to hair products.
Trisiloxanes are included in aerosol sprays for deodorants and antiperspirants due to their ability to enhance the smooth application and provide a dry feel after use.
In cleaning products like glass cleaners, surface polishes, and multi-purpose cleaners, trisiloxanes help to improve the spreadability and shine, leaving surfaces smooth and streak-free.
Trisiloxanes are sometimes used in waterproof coatings for electronic devices, helping to protect sensitive components from moisture and ensuring the longevity of the device.
Trisiloxanes are highly water-repellent, which makes them valuable in personal care, industrial, and agricultural products where moisture resistance is important.
Trisiloxanes improve the texture and spreadability of products, making them easier to apply and ensuring an even, non-greasy finish.
They enhance the durability and long-lasting effects of products like makeup, sunscreens, and hair care formulations.
In industrial applications, trisiloxanes act as lubricants to reduce wear and tear on machinery.
Trisiloxanes are highly stable and improve the shelf life and performance of the products in which they are used.
Safety Profile Of Trisiloxane:
Trisiloxanes are known for their stability, which makes them persistent in the environment.
This means they can accumulate in aquatic ecosystems, leading to potential long-term environmental effects.
Some studies have raised concerns about the bioaccumulation of certain trisiloxanes, which may pose a threat to wildlife, particularly aquatic life.
Due to their hydrophobic nature, trisiloxanes may not easily break down in water, and their widespread use could potentially lead to contamination of water sources.
This is particularly a concern in large quantities, such as in industrial processes or agricultural applications where they may be used as surfactants or anti-foaming agents.
Although trisiloxanes are generally regarded as non-irritating in low concentrations, some individuals may experience skin irritation or eye discomfort when exposed to higher concentrations or concentrated formulations.
This is more common in industrial or laboratory settings where trisiloxanes might be handled in pure forms or higher concentrations.
